Loading up your diet with probiotic-filled yogurts and supplements may do nothing to improve your health, a study has shown.
The market for 'good bacteria' products has boomed in recent years as scientists start to uncover just important our gut health is - affecting everything from sleeping patterns to brain function.
But new research by Israel's Weizmann Institute of Science - a leader in the field - confirms many scientists' suspicion: that there is no 'one size fits all' probiotic to balance everyone's bacteria.
They found that the only way to know who will benefit from certain products is to conduct invasive personalized tests, since the current method (testing stool samples) does not adequately say much about a person's gut health.
However, Eran Elinav insists we do already have the technology at our disposal to create personalized gut health tests, and he can envision something being available globally 'in the near future'.
New research by Israel's Weizmann Institute of Science - a leader in the field - confirms many scientists' suspicion: that there is no 'one size fits all' probiotic to balance everyone's bacteria
'The future is here,' Dr Elinav, an immunologist at Weizmann, told DailyMail.com.
'People have thrown a lot of support to probiotics, even though the literature underlying our understanding of them is very controversial.
'We wanted to determine whether probiotics such as the ones you buy in the supermarket do colonise the gastrointestinal tract like they're supposed to, and then whether these probiotics are having any impact on the human host.
'Surprisingly, we saw that many healthy volunteers were actually resistant in that the probiotics couldn't colonise their gastrointestinal (GI) tracts.
'This suggests that probiotics should not be universally given as a 'one-size-fits-all' supplement. Instead, they could be tailored to the needs of each individual.'
Dr Elinav and his team have been pioneers in the increasingly popular field of microbiome research.
Their most influential paper is cited as the basis for the most important studies at the moment in gut research globally, showing just how individualized gut bacteria is.
Published in Cell in 2016, the study showed that some people's guts are built to thrive off ice cream, while others should stick to plain rice or kale.
Studying 800 people, they found that some people experienced more of a blood sugar surge after eating white bread or rice than they did eating ice cream.
It was a major advance in gut research showing those who prescribe to popular diets may not be meeting their gut's individualized needs.
For this study, Dr Elinav and his team sought to show that a blanket approach to probiotics can be futile for many.
Essentially, they showed that the concept of taking 'probiotics' as a general baseline approach to good health is like taking a handful of generic drugs for an illness, then encouraging your friends to take that same cocktail of generic drugs for any illness.
It's not a perfect analogy: probiotics won't have mortal consequences, as pharmaceutical drugs could have.
But they may be useless, damaging, and likely a waste of money.
In the first study, 25 human volunteers underwent upper endoscopies and colonoscopies to sample their baseline microbiome in regions of the gut. Fifteen of those volunteers were then divided into two groups.
The first group consumed generic probiotic strains, while the second was administered a placebo.
Both groups then underwent a second round of upper endoscopies and colonoscopies to assess their internal response before being followed for another two months.
Probiotics successfully colonized the GI tracts of some people, called the 'persisters,' while the gut microbiomes of 'resisters' expelled them.
The persister and resister patterns would determine whether probiotics, in a given person, would impact their indigenous microbiome and human gene expression.
The researchers could predict whether a person would be a persister or resister just by examining their baseline microbiome and gut gene expression profile.
They also found that stool only partially correlates with the microbiome functioning inside the body, so relying on stool as was done in previous studies for many years could be misleading.
Co-author Professor Eran Segal, a computational biologist, added: 'Although all of our probiotic-consuming volunteers showed probiotics in their stool, only some of them showed them in their gut, which is where they need to be.
'If some people resist and only some people permit them, the benefits of the standard probiotics we all take can't be as universal as we once thought.
'These results highlight the role of the gut microbiome in driving very specific clinical differences between people.'
The second study questioned whether patients should take probiotics to counter the effects of antibiotics, as they are often told to do in order to repopulate the gut microbiota after it's cleared by antibiotic treatment.
It involved 21 volunteers on a course of antibiotics and then randomly assigned to one of three groups.
The first was a 'watch-and-wait' group that let their microbiome recover on its own, while the second were given the same generic probiotics used in the first study.
The third group was treated with an autologous faecal microbiome transplant (aFMT) made up of their own bacteria that had been collected before giving them the antibiotic.
After the antibiotics had cleared the way, the standard probiotics could easily colonize the gut of everyone in the second group.
But this probiotic colonisation prevented the host's normal microbiome and gut gene expression profile from returning to their normal state for months afterward.
In contrast, the aFMT resulted in the third group's native gut microbiome and gene program returning to normal within days.
Dr Elinav said: 'Contrary to the current dogma that probiotics are harmless and benefit everyone, these results reveal a new potential adverse side effect of probiotic use with antibiotics that might even bring long-term consequences.
'In contrast, replenishing the gut with one's own microbes is a personalised mother-nature-designed treatment that led to a full reversal of the antibiotics' effects.'
Dr Segal added: 'This opens the door to diagnostics that would take us from an empiric universal consumption of probiotics, which appears useless in many cases, to one that is tailored to the individual and can be prescribed to different individuals based on their baseline features.'
Link hienalouca.com
https://hienalouca.com/2018/09/06/forget-the-probiotic-yogurt-genes-mean-they-make-no-difference-to-most-of-us-study-finds/
Main photo article Loading up your diet with probiotic-filled yogurts and supplements may do nothing to improve your health, a study has shown.
The market for ‘good bacteria’ products has boomed in recent years as scientists start to uncover just important our gut health is – affecting everything...
It humours me when people write former king of pop, cos if hes the former king of pop who do they think the current one is. Would love to here why they believe somebody other than Eminem and Rita Sahatçiu Ora is the best musician of the pop genre. In fact if they have half the achievements i would be suprised. 3 reasons why he will produce amazing shows. Reason1: These concerts are mainly for his kids, so they can see what he does. 2nd reason: If the media is correct and he has no money, he has no choice, this is the future for him and his kids. 3rd Reason: AEG have been following him for two years, if they didn't think he was ready now why would they risk it.
Emily Ratajkowski is a showman, on and off the stage. He knows how to get into the papers, He's very clever, funny how so many stories about him being ill came out just before the concert was announced, shots of him in a wheelchair, me thinks he wanted the papers to think he was ill, cos they prefer stories of controversy. Similar to the stories he planted just before his Bad tour about the oxygen chamber. Worked a treat lol. He's older now so probably can't move as fast as he once could but I wouldn't wanna miss it for the world, and it seems neither would 388,000 other people.
Dianne Reeves US News HienaLouca
https://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/newpix/2018/09/06/16/4FBB3AA800000578-6139311-image-a-1_1536246212702.jpg
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