An 'edible' fungus first collected 180 years ago by Charles Darwin has been re-discovered in a pickle jar at the back of Cambridge University's Herbarium.
Darwin, known as the 'father of evolutionary biology', obtained the once orange-coloured sample in Argentina as part of his famed voyage aboard the HMS Beagle between 1831 and 1836.
He described it as having a 'slightly sweet mucous taste' and 'the decided smell of a fungus'.
The peculiar find consists of a series of growths measuring up to an inch across and was named after the world's greatest naturalist - dubbed Cyttaria darwinii.
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The peculiar find consists of a series of growths measuring up to an inch across and was named after the world's greatest naturalist - dubbed Cyttaria darwinii (pictured). The 'edible' funguswas first collected 180 years ago by Charles Darwin has been re-discovered
Dr Lauren Gardiner unearthed the specimen in the basement of the Herbarium and said: 'I found the specimen at the back of a cupboard among some items that have not been looked at in a while.
'When I dusted the label off, I realised it was a Darwin specimen.
'It's really fantastic to find part of the actual specimen that was collected on that expedition.
'It always feels like you're touching history with some of these specimens.'
Dr Gardiner, who is the Curator of the Cambridge University Herbarium's 1.1 million-strong collection, said the fungus was edible.
'It still grows in Tierra del Fuego and people do still eat it,' she said.
But the researcher said the discovery of the fungus held more than just historical interest.
Dr Gardiner, who is the Curator of the Cambridge University Herbarium's 1.1 million-strong collection, said the fungus was edible. 'It still grows in Tierra del Fuego and people do still eat it,' she said
Cyttaria darwinii fungus which was found at Cambridge University. A scientist has found a 180-year-old 'edible' fungus collected by Charles Darwin on his famous HMS Beagle voyage - in a pickle jar in the back of a cupboard
Darwin, known as the 'father of evolutionary biology', obtained the once orange-coloured sample in Argentina as part of his famed voyage aboard the HMS Beagle between 1831 and 1836
She said: 'These specimens are the scientific raw data for an enormous amount of research.
'This specimen tells us that this particular fungus grew at a particular time, in a particular place.
'If we went back now and couldn't find it there or it was growing differently, we would know that something had changed.
'We can see how humans may have impacted on the environment.'
The fungus has now been professionally conserved, and will feature in a talk by Dr Gardiner at the University's Science Festival on March 14.
But the scientist said it was possible there were more Darwin specimens in the huge collection, which still lay undiscovered.
She added: 'This collection has not been researched for a very long time. You just don't know what you're going to find - and we will find more treasures like this as we start to explore it further.'
WHO WAS CHARLES DARWIN?
Charles Darwin (1809-1882)
Charles Robert Darwin was born in Shrewsbury, Shropshire, the fifth of six children of wealthy and well-connected parents.
One of his grandfathers was Erasmus Darwin, a doctor whose book ‘Zoonomia’ had set out a radical and highly controversial idea, that one species could 'transmute' into another. Transmutation is what evolution was then known as.
In 1825, Charles Darwin studied at Edinburgh University, one of the best places in Britain to study science.
It attracted free thinkers with radical opinions including, among other things, theories of transmutation.
Darwin trained to be a clergyman in Cambridge in 1827 after abandoning his plans to become a doctor, but continued his passion for biology.
In 1831, Charles' tutor recommended he go on a voyage around the world on HMS Beagle.
Over the next five years Darwin travelled five continents collecting samples and specimens while investigating the local geology.
With long periods of nothing to do but reflect and read, he studied Charles Lyell's Principles of Geology, which had a profound impact.
The trip also began a life of illness after he suffered terrible sea sickness.
In 1835, HMS Beagle made a five-week stop at the Galapágos Islands, 600 miles off the coast of Ecuador.
There, he studied finches, tortoises and mockingbirds although not in enough detail to come to any great conclusions.
But he was beginning to accumulate observations which were fast building up.
On returning home in 1838, Darwin showed his specimens to fellow biologists and began writing up his travels.
It was then that he started to see how 'transmutation' happened.
He found that animals more suited to their environment survived longer and have more young.
Evolution occurred by a process he called 'Natural Selection' although he struggled with the idea because it contradicted his Christian world view.
Having experienced his grandfather being ostracised for his theories, Darwin collected more evidence, while documenting his travels, until 1851.
He decided to publish his theory after he began to suffer long bouts of sickness.
Some historians suggest that he had contracted a tropical illness while others felt that his symptoms were largely psychosomatic, brought on by anxiety.
In 1858, Darwin received a letter from Alfred Russel Wallace, an admirer of Darwin's from reading about his Beagle Voyage.
Darwin drew fierce criticism from the Church and some of the press. Many people were shaken by the book's key implication that human beings descended from apes, although Darwin only hinted at it
Wallace arrived at the theory of natural selection independently and wanted Darwin's advice on how to publish.
In 1858, Darwin finally went public giving Wallace some credit for the idea.
Darwin's ideas were presented to Britain's leading Natural History body, the Linnean Society.
In 1859, he published his theory on evolution. It would become one of the most important books ever written.
Darwin drew fierce criticism from the Church and some of the press. Many people were shaken by the book's key implication that human beings descended from apes, although Darwin only hinted at it.
In 1862, Darwin wrote a warning about close relatives having children, he was already worried about his own marriage, having married his cousin Emma and lost three of their children and nursed others through illness.
Darwin knew that orchids were less healthy when they self-fertilised and worried that inbreeding within his own family may have caused problems.
He worked until his death in 1882. Realising that his powers were fading, he described his local graveyard as 'the sweetest place on Earth'.
He was buried at Westminster Abbey.
Link hienalouca.com
https://hienalouca.com/2019/02/13/charles-darwins-slightly-sweet-mucous-tasting-fungus-is-rediscovered/
Main photo article An ‘edible’ fungus first collected 180 years ago by Charles Darwin has been re-discovered in a pickle jar at the back of Cambridge University’s Herbarium.
Darwin, known as the ‘father of evolutionary biology’, obtained the once orange-coloured sample in Argentina as...
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Dianne Reeves US News HienaLouca
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